Wednesday 9 October 2024

Horror Wednesday: Cuckoo

 

 
Watching Cuckoo as someone who grew up one country away from the Bavarian Alpine village this film is set in (and used to holiday in places that look pretty similar to it), I wondered how widely known cuckoo facts are outside the borders of Europe, especially as the American members of the family don't seem to necessarily share its most distinctive feature. Someone who doesn't go into the film and just based on the title can take a solid guess at what kind of horror will unfold maybe has a different experience of the denouement. I don't know when I was taught this, but definitely by the time I was in primary school I knew that cuckoos lay eggs in other birds' nests ("brood parasite" is the very effectively horrible actual term), and I think we were also communally told stories about adult birds then killing the competing baby birds of other species sharing that co-occupied the nest. If you were interested and fascinated by how the natural world sometimes comes up with nightmares that parallel those a gifted writer of horror may dream up, then this is definitely up there. German director Tilman Singer, who also wrote the script for this film, presumably had a similar schooling, and combines this bird trivia with a very topical (see also the double feature quality of The First Omen and Immaculate) anxiety about forced pregnancy and loss of bodily autonomy - the very contemporary way in which horror films digest reality post the Supreme Court's overruling of Roe v Wade. 

I the context of these two horrors - the natural and the political - it's especially interesting to think about how the idea of "conservation" works: it is after all what conservatism claims to be all about. Conservation is what the movie's most clear-cut villain is after: the comically German Herr König (played by Dan Stevens, who is having a great run in horror film villainy), who runs a resort hotel in the Alps, has dedicated his life to the preservation of a species that just happens to be a highly effective predator of humans, and needs them for reproduction. The cost of his conservation process is the destruction of some of the human guests in the resort, and it is a price he is all too willing to pay. Under his guidance, the entire village infrastructure has been fine-tuned to serve this purpose: the local police man is in his pay to tie up loose ends, the local hospital specifically outfitted for the medical procedures necessary to facilitate the process, and document the results (something about the idea of institutions being co-opted in this way to serve a single, ideological purpose that callously harms humans feels like a very specific German anxiety). 
Gretchen (played fantastically by Hunter Schafer) gets caught up in these machinations when her father (Marton Csokas, whose characters I disliked on sight because of the character he played in The Monkey's Mask many years ago, even though he is much more famous for Lord of the Rings), moves her and his disturbingly inappropriately young second wife Beth (Jessica Henwick, The Royal Hotel) along with their eight-year old daughter Alma (Mila Lieu) to a modern house near the resort. Luis and Beth are designing a new resort for Herr König, and they have been connected to him ever since spending their honey-moon there eight years ago. From the start, Gretchen is obviously an outsider in her father's new family: her step-mother is critical of her, her little sister doesn't speak (but seems eager for her presence), her father is aloof in a way reminiscent of other fathers who have made a new family and find the remnants of their old ones burdensome. Before things get weird in a more traditionally horror film way, Herr König is already a looming and disquieting presence, overly familiar, somehow always there even when it seems inappropriate, like his stake in this family is much higher than it should be if they were only acquaintances and business partners. Gretchen has a difficult time figuring out where the boundaries are: if this is just a weird Germanness she can't quite parse, or if something else is going on. The alienation of place translates perfectly into the resort hotel that Gretchen is soon tasked to work in: everything feels out of time, her use of a smartphone (mainly to listen to music and to leave messages to her mother that never receive a response...) in aesthetic conflict with the Eighties interiors and paper filing system. Tilman's deliberate use of architectural juxtaposition is particularly effective here: it serves to disorient and creates unease even before the monster makes its first appearance. 
 
Hunter Schafer's physicality is the driving force behind the film: arriving in an unfamiliar place that she doesn't want to be in, she spends most of her time under big headphones listening to playlists, hunching her shoulders whenever she encounters new people, retreating into herself. It makes her look vulnerable, but there is also a level of prickliness that makes it immediately obvious when a situation or person makes her feel uncomfortable (which happens frequently). As the story escalates, she accrues injuries that limit her ability to move - first it just a head-wound from being chased on her bike on the dark mountain roads (Herr König's insistence that the dark isn't safe that she again can't quite parse as either inappropriate over-protectiveness, attempts to limit her freedom of movement, or admittance that something much more weird is going on, is the first sign that this is not a good or normal place), then a broken arm from a car accident when an escape attempt fails, and finally, after the epic battle at the end, a complete physical collapse (it reminded me of Angelina Jolie in Salt, or Charlize Theron in Atomic Blonde). Gretchen almost goes beyond being a classic horror movie final girl here and becomes, at time, a full-blown action hero, navigating her injuries and succeeding in spite of them. One of my favourite scenes is early on, when she encounters a new guest at the hotel reception and the prickly discomfort and stand-offishness turns into the charming and awkward stance of someone who is immediately and absolutely attracted to someone: Astrid Bergès-Frisbey's Ed offers a very short-lived, temporary reprieve, and an opportunity at escape that fails tragically (but it is the one connection that in the end opens the road to true liberation from all the horrors of the film, including that of her useless father). 
The emotional core of the film is Gretchen's relationship with Alma, whose muteness is explained once the pieces fit together: She is the product of Herr König's breeding programme, in which female guests are unknowingly turned into carriers for the species he is trying to conserve. Gretchen starts off not even recognising Alma as a sister, in a stubborn attempt to protest her father's abandonment of his former family, and the horrors of now having to live with them in a strange place. But among all the people that are meant to care for her, especially in light of what the film eventually reveals is the death of her mother (hence the unanswered messages), Alma turns out to be the only one attempting to reach out, to ease her suffering, even though she is only a child, and not quite human. Gretchen, the outsider, realises that this non-human family is the truest one she has, and decides to save Alma from both  Herr König and a discharged cop (Jan Bluthardt) with a personal stake's attempt to end the breeding programme. They escape this horrible fairy tale (Dan Stevens playing a flute to attract the monster like some even more twisted version of the Pied Piper of Hamelin is an image that will stay with me for a while), and drive off into the night, far away from the Alps.
 
2024, directed by Tilman Singer, starring Hunter Schafer, Jan Bluthardt, Marton Csokas, Jessica Henwick, Dan Stevens, Mila Lieu, Astrid Bergès-Frisbey.

Tuesday 8 October 2024

Some (un)collected thoughts on Industry

 
I spent the last month catching up with Industry, just in time to watch the final episodes of the third season as they came out. I've been ambivalent about the show ever since starting it. It's clearly incredibly brilliantly written and acted - whittled down to the bones, propulsive, frequently frenetic in its pace. It tickles my brain: I've never been anywhere near the financial industry, or any workplace that looks remotely like this, and so can't judge if the portrayal of the culture is accurate, but from how the proposed values and actions influence the world we live in, I wouldn't be surprised if it was. And yet, I find it hard to connect deeply to the characters when the centre of the show, or its main thesis that it is exploring, is how the commodification of everything - personal relationships, love, friendship, care - leads to a gaping abyss that swallows people whole, and turns them into moral black holes. The propulsive force behind the characters' actions is always self-interest, selfishness, future gains, and everything is always a zero-sum game, a win-lose scenario with a literal body count. It reminds me of a slew of other shows that left me with a similar feeling of deep emptiness (the expectation of this feeling kept me from ever watching Succession, which may be the most obvious comparison here): the now mostly forgotten legal thriller Damages, in which Glenn Close and Rose Byrne engage in a destructive struggle for power, the political thriller House of Cards (equally rarely mentioned now, though for very deeply depressing reasons). Some aspects feel reminiscent of Mad Men (maybe an ultimate show about the commercialisation of everything, eloquently executed up to the final scene), especially in how mentor-mentee relationships play out ("That's what the money is for" would work perfectly in Industry as well, with remuneration being a replacement for any kind of emotional care that human relationships depend on).  
 
Abuse and predation are baked into the business model. In season one, Daria (Freya Mavor, Skins) serves up associates to a predatory client like a buffet, knowing fully well what will happen to them once she leaves them alone with Nicole. Nicole is an example of this world: a woman who thinks that the money that she is putting into Pierpoint entitles her to use its employees at will. From the start, the stakes are made clear when the first episode presents new graduate Hari as a potential main character, only for him to die in a toilet stall halfway through, after trying to keep up with the pressure through constant consumption of energy drinks and drugs. The idea of ethical investing is ridiculed as either a naive play ignorant of political and economic realities or as a cynical attempt to commodify changing attitudes towards climate change (RIP Lumi). Corporate social responsibility is consistently a thin, fragile mask over a reality of abuse and predation.

What Industry does so perfectly is translate the business model of Pierpoint, the investment bank where most of the action is set, into an ideology that affects all the relationships between the characters. It functions like a virus, like an infection.  A predatory model of money-making at all costs, only very loosely constrained by laws which are frequently presented as obstacles to be overcome rather than red lines, turns every relationship into a quest for power. Information is essential, especially in a place where power if distributed so unevenly (from the start, the new associates are told that they are competing against each other for a few permanent spots), and so mining for information becomes the primary occupation of especially Harper (a truly outstanding Myha'la Herrold), who is already disadvantaged as an American in a British bank who has forged her educational credentials, competing against associates who have graduated from prestigious universities and come from highly networked, rich families. Much of the show contrasts Harper's struggle, which has turned her into a shark, with Yasmin's (Marisa Abela, who shines in the third season especially) privileged background: they are sometimes friends, sometimes feuding, a this question of whether true friendship is even possible in the environment is maybe the driving emotional force behind most of the show. Yasmin accuses Harper of being incapable of genuine feelings, Harper accuses Yasmin of being unaware of her privilege, and riding on someone else's coat tails, being spoon-fed the kind of access that Harper has always had to fight for. 
The third main character for most of the show (others come in and out) is Robert (Harry Lawtey), an Oxford graduate from a working class background. Robert is used on the show to explore how rigid the British class structure is, how not even going to a lauded university truly changes his odds against other competitors who grew up in rich families, or have the money to dress the right way, or haven't had to teach themselves to talk a certain way to be taken seriously. Where Harper and Yasmin's relationship asks questions of the possibility of friendship, Robert begins a complex (and disturbing) psychosexual relationship with Yasmin, who wildly oscillates between her deep insecurity at work and obsession with power in her personal relationship with him - and instead of going the more trite route of interpreting Yasmin's power of him as some kind of feminist attainment, the show instead portrays their whole dance as damaging to them both, with Yasmin immediately turning anything that feels like love and care into something "ugly" (she verbalises this to him in the final episode of the third season), and Robert unable to cut himself free because he's fallen in love. 

I'm fascinated by where everyone ends up at the end of the third season: Harper, who was fired from Pierpoint because her mentor Eric, who recognises himself in her but doesn't like losing control of his assets, gets rid of her (her forged credentials hang over her like an anvil throughout the first season), leaves a seemingly functional work environment built on mutual trust and shared decision making that is ill-suited to her worst instincts. She instead wants to use corporate espionage and forensic accounting to build a fund that specialises in shorting over-valued companies ("it's only criminal if we get caught" is a perfect summation of her approach to this business), utilising the money of a shady financier who is as contemptuous of laws and boundaries as she is. Harper is presented as an opportunistic character, who takes the credo of the financial industry she works in the most serious: anything is allowed as long as it makes money. This is undercut by the fact that she mixes in a solid dose of vengeance for past transgressions, as most of her decisions in the third season are driven by trying to get back at people she feels have wronged her (a move for which Eric appears to respect her enough to give her a quote for her appearance in the Forbes' 30 under 30 list). This approach gets a literal body count when she throws Rishi, a fellow Pierpoint trader, under the bus. Rishi is a different kind of personification of what happens when an industry appears to reward risk-taking and gambling with few constraints attached: he's fallen into deep gambling debts due to his addiction to risk, and his inability to pay them leads to the most shocking scene of the show so far, when the man he owes money to shoots his wife. 

Yasmin, the focus point of the third season, ends up maintaining the privileges of her upbringing which she was about to lose due to legal action against her father by marrying a member of the aristocracy (Kit Harington doing great work with Henry Muck, in a world he seems to know well). Torn between what Robert has to offer, a kind of quaint normal life (Industry shows him buying a scratchy ticket, an action that Yasmin observes with a mix of deep fascination and abhorrence, a mix that describes her relationship to him well), and the safe and secure mantle of protection that moneyed power (not just that of the aristocracy, but also the protection of a yellow paper owner, uncle to Henry) could extend to her should she marry into it. Yasmin's father has been revealed to a be a serial abuser of children and women, and hinted to have abused Yasmin as well, even though the show never goes so far as to definitively confirm it (there are many transgressions, and deeply gross moments between them), instead offering it as a possible explanation for Yasmin's trauma response. Robert gets left behind but is likely better off for it, jumping ship at Pierpoint to become a money guy for a psychedelics start-up (the show's most obvious reference to Mad Men is his sales pitch - earlier in the season, an Ayahuasca trip is presented as mind-changing and beautiful, but the characters experiencing it immediately turn to ways to turn a profit from it) just before Pierpoint implodes. There's a continuing sense here that the only escape hatch from the abyss is to leave permanently, not just Pierpoint but the show altogether (like Gus, played by David Jonsson, who hasn't been seen since leaving for the US). 

All of this is very compelling, and brilliant: especially when traumatic pasts are translated into deeply troubled relationships, when characters feel like they are searching for something genuine beyond the constraints, but can't quite get there, because they are primed to seek some kind of advantage in every interaction.

2020-, created by Mickey Down and Konrad Kay, starring Marisa Abela, Myha'la Herrold, Harry Lawtey, Ken Leung, David Jonsson, Freya Mavor, Conor MacNeill.

Monday 7 October 2024

Favourite Books I've Read This Year In Progress

Non-Fiction:

Gilbert King: Devil in the Grove: Thurgood Marshall, the Groveland Boys, and the Dawn of a New America.
Bill Gammage: The Biggest Estate on Earth.
Adam Shatz: The Rebel's Clinic: The Revolutionary Lives of Frantz Fanon. 
Adam Hochschild: King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror and Heroism in Colonial Africa.
Ta-Nehisi Coates: The Message.

Fiction: 

Andrea Barrett: The Voyage of the Narwhal.
Michelle Paver: Thin Air.
Sarah Lotz: The White Road. 
Maggie Thrash: Rainbow Black.
Gabrielle Zevin: Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow.
James S.A. Corey: The Mercy of Gods. 
Barbara Kingsolver: Demon Copperhead.
Kelly Link: The Book of Love.
Jiaming Tang: Cinema Love.
Yael van der Wouden: The Safekeep.
Emma Copley Eisenberg: Housemates.

Andrea Barrett
's The Voyage of the Narwhal follows a fictional American expedition looking for signs of John Franklin's lost ships Erebus and Terror in the early 1850s. The voyage is also meant to be a scientific journey, gathering data about the fauna and flora of the Arctic. The main character is a scientist, naturalist Erasmus Darwin Wells, who is also coming along to look after his sister's fiance, the headstrong expedition leader Zeke. The story may be fictional, but to anyone who has read accounts of real polar expeditions during the 19th century, it holds little treasures of recognition and references many actual events, including the horrifying Inuit accounts that Rae collected about the fate of Franklin and his men. The beauty of the novel is the scientific work though, and the close relationship that Erasmus forges with the surgeon on board (a relationship almost romantic, and tragically doomed), who is similarly fascinated by everything he encounters. There are echoes here of the television adaptation of Harry Goodsir's character in The Terror and of the (in my opinion) best part of the seafaring classic Master and Commander. One of my favourite aspects of the novel were the attempts Erasmus makes to include Ned, the eager and curious young ship cook (with his own tragic story of surviving the potato famine in Ireland), in the journey of discovery. Of course, most things that can go wrong do, including scurvy due to inadequate preparation for overwintering, a nipped and lost ship, and severe discordance within the crew when individuals begin to disagree about priorities and plans. Interwoven with the accounts and thoughts of the explorers are the women back at home, waiting for the men to return and contributing to the scientific work in the only way they're reluctantly allowed to (I thought that Alexandra, a woman who is learning the art of engraving, was deeply fascinating). There is also a discussion of science in relation to racism, both in regards to the understanding of the Inuit that the expedition connects with and the question of slavery back home in the United States just before the Civil War. This is a fantastic novel of fiction that weaves together philosophy, science and polar exploration with all of its dark sides included. 

I like when by sheer coincidence, two books appear to be in conversation with each other. Michelle Paver's Thin Air chronicles a fictional 1935 attempt to reach the summit of Kangchenjunga. Soon after arriving at the foot of the mountain, expedition doctor Stephen, eager to prove to his comrades that he is just as valuable as his older, sneering brother, begins experiencing a haunting - T.S. Eliot's "There is always another one walking beside you", but, as he comes to realise, malevolent, unlike the calming presence that Shackleton felt when he first reported the phenomenon after his trek through the mountains of South Georgia to save his stranded expedition. It appears that the mountain is haunted, perhaps by a member of a previous expedition whose body was never retrieved. Thin Air is a great portrait of the same kind of doomed English arrogance that cost Scott's life at the South Pole, putting a focus on the way the white men of the expedition look down on their support staff (the ones actually doing all the work, while they sip their tea). 
Sarah Lotz
' The White Road doesn't begin on a mountain - it starts in a place that I personally find even more scary, a cave system in Wales in which protagonist Simon is attempting to film the dead bodies of a previous group of cavers for a morbid and sensationalist website he runs with his friend. In the caves, his guide dies after they get trapped by rising water levels, but his presence doesn't leave Simon, as if his bad intentions are now being judged by the constant presence of another malevolent "third man". Simon carries that spectre with him to Everest (again on a mission to film the dead), where he finds himself in the middle of another man's attempt to find closure from the death of his mother on the mountain years earlier. The climb ends in more disaster, and Simon is stuck trying to artificially create closure so the haunting stops. 
 
Maggie Thrash's Rainbow Black is about the 1980s Satanic Panic, capturing how the (historically real) moral panic around it affects a family running a daycare in New Hampshire: the fall-out spans 20 years, crosses borders, and captures how the traumatic events severely impact the family's thirteen-year old daughter Lacey, who has to rebuild her life from scratch. Lacey fights hard to 
help her struggling parents, who are caught up in a fight against revered specialists (within the justice system, but the book is particularly damning about the social workers and psychologists involved) who have fallen for the panic completely, but in the end, the odds are too stacked against them, and Lacey flees across the border to Canada with her best friend. Years later, the precarious new life they have built together in Quebec comes under threat when old accusations resurface.
 
Gabrielle Zevin
's Tomorrow, and Tomorrow, and Tomorrow is a book about a complicated friendship between Sam and Sadie that begins in a hospital games room. Sam is in it for the long haul after a severe leg injury from a car crash that killed his mother, Sadie is there to visit her sister, who has cancer. They bond over their shared love of computer games and form a tight friendship that runs into some difficulties when Sam finds out that Sadie is collecting brownie points for the community service she is providing by keeping Sam's company (she's gamified friendship, but it's pretty obvious she's being genuine in her affection for Sam). They later reconnect after years of not talking to each other and begin playing again, except this time they make games together - a beautiful, artistic game, ambitious. The book also adds Marx to the mix - a lovely if privileged "tamer of horses" who becomes their producer and thinks about all the things they don't, because they're focused on the work. 
This novel works because it is passionate about the computer games, which are written in a way that the reader can imagine them, maybe even play along. The characters are flawed, but difficult not to root for. I think what really made this exceptional is that it reads like a spin-off of Halt and Catch Fire, specifically the seasons after the first one when the focus was on Cameron and Donna: It's about two incredibly creative people creating beautiful things together, but clashing on principles sometimes, and they both care so much that their differences threaten the friendship constantly. 

Demon Copperhead
is an incredible chronicle of Appalachia in the late 90s and early 2000s: it is about an orphan who somehow survives the horrors of the foster care system, who is failed again and again by the people who should be helping him, contextualized within the (deliberately created) economic deprivation of Appalachia - through the care of a teacher who is passionate about teaching his students about where they come from, and how their situation came about, the book speaks about the history of Appalachia, the fights between miners and owners, the politics of creating an environment in which possibilities are being limited so that resource extraction can happen as cheaply as possible. The novel then goes on to show how the introduction of Oxycontin changes everything yet again, a drug deliberately test-driven in the parts of the country where people put their body on the line for their work. All of this is done through the (frequently incredibly sad) stories of the characters, who are just trying to survive and build a life for themselves against the odds. 
 
Halfway through the year, by complete chance, a group of books bowled me over with their portrayal of intimacy and desire, of characters trying to know each other, and how the process is difficult. All three books - Jiaming Tang's Cinema Love, Yael van der Wouden's The Safekeep, and Emma Copley Eisenberg's Housemates, also feel deeply embedded in a specific place and time period (Cinema Love goes from Fuzhou to China Town in the later decades of the 20th century, The Safekeep is set in the late 1950s/early 1960s in a small town in the Netherlands, Housemates is about Pennsylvania after the 2016 Presidential Election up to the post-Covid present). With all three of them, it feels wrong to give anything about the story away - they're all stunning books about place-finding, and how it's connected to belonging, history and politics.

n+1: Hollow Man, August 19, 2024.
n+1: The Last Days of Mankind, September 28, 2024.
Aeon: The joy of clutter, October 11, 2024.

Monday 30 September 2024

Reading List: September.

Fiction: 
 
Keanu Reeves and China Miéville: The Book of Elsewhere.
Kate Atkinson: Death at the Sign of the Rook. 
Rachel Kushner: Creation Lake.
Åsa Avdic: The Dying Game.
Will Dean: The Chamber. 
Kiersten White: Lucy Undying. 
Kemi Ashing-Giwa: This World is Not Yours.
 
Films: 
 
Wynonna Earp: Vengeance (2024, Paolo Barzman). 
 
Shows: 
 
Arcane, Season One. 
Dracula, Season One.

Wednesday 11 September 2024

Sunday 1 September 2024

Das Lied zum Sonntag

Kim Deal - Crystal Breath (on Nobody Loves You More)

Beat by beat I expel your point of viеw
The heels of my imagination digging into you
I start a new life